Regulator

HOW DOES IT WORK? WHAT IS IT GOOD FOR?

Stoves with pressure-regulated valves will work better in cold conditions and perform better when fuel level is low. The regulation system simply self-adjusts the gas flow ensuring performance is at an optimal level. 

Gas is stored above atmospheric pressure in gas cartridges. A new, full gas cartridge is at the highest pressure and decreases during use. Pressure also varies with temperature and altitude. A pressure-regulated valve adapts to temperature and altitude, which provides consistent power output whereas the non-regulated valve does not adapt and therefore has less consistent output.

Summary
A regulated stove is more efficient and works better in cold conditions. Has a more even heat output, is easier to adjust to the temperature you wish and enables you to use more gas out of your gas canister.

When you turn the gas knob (1) the spring (2) will be under tension and will open the valve (4) so the gas can flow out of the canister. If the pressure of the gas on the diaphragm (3) is higher than the pre-set allowed pressure, the diaphragm will push onto the spring and regulate the spring in order to regulate the valve opening and therefore the gas flow. This ensures that gas flow is always regulated to an optimal level.